周静, 郎楠, 袁媛, 孙承业. 我国中毒救治指定医疗机构常用解毒药储备调查与机制完善的思考[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2023, 41(1): 28-32. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.007
引用本文: 周静, 郎楠, 袁媛, 孙承业. 我国中毒救治指定医疗机构常用解毒药储备调查与机制完善的思考[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2023, 41(1): 28-32. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.007
ZHOU Jing, LANG Nan, YUAN Yuan, SUN Chengye. Investigation on reserve of common used antidotes in the appointed medical institutions for poisoning treatment in China and thinking on improvement of reserve mechanism[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(1): 28-32. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.007
Citation: ZHOU Jing, LANG Nan, YUAN Yuan, SUN Chengye. Investigation on reserve of common used antidotes in the appointed medical institutions for poisoning treatment in China and thinking on improvement of reserve mechanism[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(1): 28-32. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.007

我国中毒救治指定医疗机构常用解毒药储备调查与机制完善的思考

Investigation on reserve of common used antidotes in the appointed medical institutions for poisoning treatment in China and thinking on improvement of reserve mechanism

  • 摘要:
      目的  了解我国中毒救治指定医疗机构常用解毒药储备、使用、调用等情况,为解毒药生产、研发、储备提供依据。
      方法  采用横断面调查方法,以全国省、市、县的150家省级中毒救治基地及省级、市级、县级中毒救治指定医疗机构作为调查对象,基于2018年全国中毒卫生应急基本情况调查结果,对解毒药储备情况进行统计分析。
      结果  136家医疗机构填报了解毒药储备情况,124家填报了解毒药储备清单。医疗机构解毒药实物储备比例为79.41%(108/136),按期更新率为92.65%(126/136)。调查目录中24种解毒药中有14种的机构储备率低于10.00%。认为解毒药储备不能满足工作需要比例为43.38%(59/136)。断货为影响医疗机构解毒药储备的主要问题,比例为44.12%(60/136)。调查反馈解毒药种类少的机构比例为63.24%(86/136)。
      结论  中毒救治指定医疗机构的解毒药储备存在困难,药物和种类不能满足日常救治和卫生应急需求。解毒药生产、供应、储备亟需优化,需加大解毒药研发支持,建立解毒药审批绿色通道,完善解毒药储备信息获取途径。

     

    Abstract:
      Objective  To understand the reserve, application, and transfer of common used antidotes in the appointed medical institutions for poisoning treatment in China, and to provide reference for the research and development, production, and reserve of antidotes.
      Methods  Totally 150 provincial poisoning treatment bases and appointed medical institutions for poisoning treatment at the provincial, municipal and county levels were cross-sectionally surveyed. The antidotes reserve condition was evaluated, based on the results of 2018 national survey on the basic situation of poisoning health emergency.
      Results  Totally 136 medical institutions reported their reserves of antidotes, and 124 filled in the reserve list. 79.41% (108/136) medical institutions reserved antidotes, and 92.65% (126/136) institutions regularly renewed these antidotes. The proportion of medical institutions in reserve of 14 drugs listed in catalogue of 24 common used antidotes was less than 10%. 43.38% (59/136) of the medical institutions thought the reserves of antidotes did not meet the requirement. 44.12% (60/136) medical institutions reported that being out-of-stock was the main problem affecting their reserve of antidotes. 63.24% (86/136) institutions thought that there were fewer types of antidotes available.
      Conclusions  The medical institutions appointed for poisoning treatment had difficulties in reserving antidotes. The types of antidotes cannot meet the requirements of daily treatment and health emergencies. The mechanisms of production, supply, and reserve of antidotes urgently need to be optimized. It is necessary to increase support for research and development of antidotes, establish a green channel for antidotes approval, and improve the ways to obtain information on the reserves of antidotes.

     

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