唐昆, 刘磊, 程婷婷, 曹洪娟, 王碧婵, 周贵兰, 李鹏飞, 姜正好, 李开春. 手套生产针车工人职业紧张与精神卫生状况及其影响因素分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(1): 24-28. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.006
引用本文: 唐昆, 刘磊, 程婷婷, 曹洪娟, 王碧婵, 周贵兰, 李鹏飞, 姜正好, 李开春. 手套生产针车工人职业紧张与精神卫生状况及其影响因素分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(1): 24-28. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.006
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TANG Kun, LIU Lei, CHENG Tingting, CAO Hongjuan, WANG Bichan, ZHOU Guilan, LI Pengfei, JIANG Zhenghao, LI Kaichun. Occupational stress and mental health status among sewing workers of glove manufacturing[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(1): 24-28. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.006
Citation: TANG Kun, LIU Lei, CHENG Tingting, CAO Hongjuan, WANG Bichan, ZHOU Guilan, LI Pengfei, JIANG Zhenghao, LI Kaichun. Occupational stress and mental health status among sewing workers of glove manufacturing[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(1): 24-28. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.006
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手套生产针车工人职业紧张与精神卫生状况及其影响因素分析

Occupational stress and mental health status among sewing workers of glove manufacturing

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 调查某手套生产企业针车工人职业紧张与精神卫生状况，分析精神卫生状况的影响因素，为企业职业健康促进提供依据。
    方法 以该企业全部针车工人作为观察组，选取性别构成相同、年龄相似的非针车工人作为对照组，两组各131人，分别对其进行麦克林职业紧张问卷和哥德伯格普通健康问卷调查；并对针车工人精神卫生状况的影响因素进行logistic回归分析。
    结果 观察组和对照组在性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、月平均收入的差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组的职业紧张程度大、应付能力弱、精神卫生异常的发生率分别是20.61%、18.32%和32.82%，均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。观察组职业紧张问卷的职业紧张因素、应付能力2个维度的得分均高于对照组，差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）；观察组工作满意感维度得分（30.50±4.92）低于对照组（30.64±3.62），但差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。观察组普通健康问卷的积极性项目平均异常率为25.06%，较对照组（10.81%）高，除“感觉愉快”条目外，其他条目的异常率均高于对照组，且差异有统计学意义（P < 0.01）；对照组消极性项目平均异常率为14.50%，较观察组（29.39%）低，除“因焦虑失眠”条目外，观察组其他条目的异常率均高于对照组，且差异有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。应付能力弱（OR=3.576，95% CI：1.405~9.101）是针车工人精神卫生异常的危险因素。
    结论 与企业其他员工相比，该手套生产企业针车工人的职业紧张程度较高，企业应针对针车工人的应付能力弱、工作满意感差等问题，制定职业健康促进干预措施，以预防职业紧张与精神卫生异常的发生与发展。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To investigate the occupational stress and mental health status of sewing workers in a glove manufacturing enterprise, to analyze the influencing factors of their mental health status, and provide a basis for the promotion of occupational health.
    Methods All 131 sewing workers in this enterprise were studied, and the other 131 workers matched with gender and age within the enterprise were selected as the control group. The Occupational Stress Questionnaire and Goldberg's General Health Questionnaire were used to survey the workers' occupational stress and mental health status. Logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the influencing factors of the mental health status of these sewing workers.
    Results There were no significant difference of gender, age, marital status, education level and monthly average income between the two groups (P>0.05).The incidence of occupational stress, weak coping ability and mental health abnormalities among sewing workers were 20.61%, 18.32% and 32.82%, respectively, higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05), while the scores of occupational stress factors and coping ability in the observation group higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05). The job satisfaction dimension score was similar (30.50±4.92)in the observation group vs.(30.64 ±3.62)in the control group (P>0.05).The average abnormal rate of the active items in the observation group was 25.06%, higher than that in the control group (10.81%). The abnormal rates of active items, except for the item "feeling pleasant", in the observation group were higher than those in the control group (P < 0.01). The average abnormal rate of negative items in the control group was 14.50%, lower than that in the observation group (29.39%). The abnormal rates of negative items, except for the item "due to anxiety and insomnia", in the observation group were higher than those in the observation group(P < 0.05). It showed that poor coping capacity was risk factor for abnormal mental health (OR=3.576, 95%CI:1.405-9.101).
    Conclusion Compared with other employees within this enterprise, the occupational stress and mental health status of sewing workers in the glove manufacturing enterprise were higher. The enterprise should set up occupational health promotion measures to prevent the sewing workers from coping with weak ability and poor job satisfaction.

     

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