胡训军, 余辛, 陈谦, 王金玮, 冯本秀, 朱毅贞, 王祖兵. 643家学校实验室危险化学品使用情况分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(1): 29-33. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.007
引用本文: 胡训军, 余辛, 陈谦, 王金玮, 冯本秀, 朱毅贞, 王祖兵. 643家学校实验室危险化学品使用情况分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(1): 29-33. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.007
HU Xunjun, YU Xin, CHEN Qian, WANG Jinwei, FENG Benxiu, ZHU Yizhen, WANG Zubin. Investigation on use of dangerous chemicals among 643 school laboratories in Shanghai[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(1): 29-33. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.007
Citation: HU Xunjun, YU Xin, CHEN Qian, WANG Jinwei, FENG Benxiu, ZHU Yizhen, WANG Zubin. Investigation on use of dangerous chemicals among 643 school laboratories in Shanghai[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(1): 29-33. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.01.007

643家学校实验室危险化学品使用情况分析

Investigation on use of dangerous chemicals among 643 school laboratories in Shanghai

  • 摘要:
    目的 调查上海市教育系统各学校实验室危险化学品使用情况,为进一步加强学校实验室危险化学品安全管理提供依据和思路。
    方法 对“上海市危险化学品使用单位登录报送系统”中属于教育系统的643家学校实验室2017年度的危险化学品使用情况进行调查,包括学校基本信息和使用危险化学品信息等,同时,从危险货物、危险废物角度,对相应种类及年使用量进行分析。
    结果 上海市教育系统的643家学校实验室以浦东新区及外环外居多,共使用388种危险化学品,涉及剧毒、高毒、易制毒、易制爆、重点监管等多种特殊管控化学品,其中种类最多的为易制爆危险化学品(33种),年使用量最大的为易制毒化学品(24.6 t)。按危险货物分类,学校实验室使用种类最多及使用量最大的均为第三类易燃液体,共58个品种,年使用量31.3 t。各实验室共涉及废有机溶剂与含有机溶剂废物61种、废酸17种、废碱12种、含酚废物9种、含有机卤化物废物10种、其他废物145种。
    结论 上海市教育系统的643家学校实验室分布范围较为分散,使用的危险化学品涉及剧毒品、高毒物品、易制毒化学品、易制爆危险化学品及重点监管危险化学品等多种类别,使用量各有差异。相关安全管理部门可参照各实验室实际使用的危险化学品的特点,制定有针对性的管理措施,提高精细化管理的水平。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective The use of dangerous chemicals among school laboratories in Shanghai education system was investigated to provide evidence and orientation for further strengthening the safety management of hazardous chemicals in school laboratories.
    Methods The data of 643 school laboratories in the Shanghai Registration System for Organization Using Hazardous Chemicals was analyzed, including basic information of schools and the information of the hazardous chemicals.
    Results These school laboratories of Shanghai education system are mainly located in Pudong New Area and outside Outer-ring. A total of 388 kinds of dangerous chemicals were used, involving extremely toxic chemicals, high toxic substances, precursor chemicals, explosive precursor chemicals, and key-supervised chemicals. The most common category was explosive precursor chemicals (33 chemicals) and the annually maximum amount of used chemicals was precursor chemicals (24.6 tons). According to the classification of dangerous goods, the flammable liquid(category 3) was the most category involving 58 chemicals and the annual amounts was 31.3 tons. From the perspective of hazardous waste, these school laboratories produced annually 61 categories of waste organic solvents and/or organic solvent-containing wastes, 17 categories of waste acid, 12 categories of waste alkalis, 9 categories of phenol-containing wastes, 10 categories of organic halide wastes, and 145 categories of other wastes.
    Conclusion The location of 643 school laboratories in Shanghai education system was relatively scattered. The used dangerous chemicals involved various categories. There was a significant variance of used amounts for each chemical. Such information provides orientation for the targeted implementation of laboratory safety management in the future. The targeted management measures can be developed according to the characteristics of the dangerous chemicals actually used in each laboratory.

     

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