鲍二宝, 苏艺伟, 薛昌红, 刘可平, 马雨莹, 刘移民. 某汽车制造企业噪声作业工人听力损失影响因素分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(2): 122-125. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.02.005
引用本文: 鲍二宝, 苏艺伟, 薛昌红, 刘可平, 马雨莹, 刘移民. 某汽车制造企业噪声作业工人听力损失影响因素分析[J]. 职业卫生与应急救援, 2019, 37(2): 122-125. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.02.005
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BAO Erbao, SU Yiwei, XUE Changhong, LIU Keping, MA Yuying, LIU Yimin. Risk factors related to occupational noise-induced hearing loss among workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(2): 122-125. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.02.005
Citation: BAO Erbao, SU Yiwei, XUE Changhong, LIU Keping, MA Yuying, LIU Yimin. Risk factors related to occupational noise-induced hearing loss among workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2019, 37(2): 122-125. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2019.02.005
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某汽车制造企业噪声作业工人听力损失影响因素分析

Risk factors related to occupational noise-induced hearing loss among workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise

    摘要
  • 摘要:
    目的 了解某汽车制造企业接触噪声工人听力损失情况，探究职业性噪声听力损失的危险因素。
    方法 选取某汽车制造企业暴露于职业性噪声超过一年的3 411名工人为研究对象，对噪声作业工人开展问卷调查，对工作场所进行职业病危害因素检测。
    结果 该企业有509人检出有听力损失，噪声性听力损失发生率为15.7%。听力损失组的接触噪声声级、接触噪声工龄、婚姻情况和工作班制情况与听力正常组相比较，差异均有统计学意义（P < 0.05）。多因素logistic回归分析显示：年龄、接噪工龄、接触噪声声级增大，听力损失的风险增高（OR=1.09~1.54，P < 0.01）；相比三班制，单一班制和两班制是听力损失的独立危险因素（OR=2.19、2.43，P < 0.01或0.05）。
    结论 汽车制造企业工作场所噪声危害不容忽视。企业应加强工作场所噪声治理，为噪声作业工人开展定期职业健康体检，实行科学健康的工作班制。

     

    Abstract:
    Objective To understand the occurrence of hearing loss among occupationally noise-exposed workers in an automobile manufacturing enterprise, and to explore the risk factors.
    Methods A total of 3 411 workers who were exposed to occupational noise with time longer than 1 year in this enterprise were studied with questionnaire and their working environment was surveyed.
    Results Among 3 411 workers, 509 workers were found with hearing loss and the incidence of noise-induced hearing loss in this enterprise was 15.7%. There were significant difference of noise exposure intensity and time, the workers' marriage status and arrangement of work shift between two groups(P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that except for the workers' age, noise exposure level and noise exposure time(OR=1.09-1.54, P < 0.01), single shift or two shifts system was also an independent risk factor for hearing loss (OR=2.19, 2.43, P < 0.01 or 0.05) compared with three shifts system.
    Conclusion The noise hazard at workplaces in automobile manufacturing enterprises could not be ignored. Enterprises should strengthen the control of workplace noise, conduct regular occupational health examinations for noise-exposed workers, and develop a scientific and healthy work schedule.

     

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