Objective To understand the incidence trend of occupational pneumoconiosis and the pulmonary function of dust-exposed workers in Qingpu District of Shanghai, so as to provide basis for prevention and treatment of pneumoconiosis.
Methods All diagnosed cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Qingpu District from 2009 to 2018 were collected and characteristics were analyzed. The results of pulmonary function examination of dust-exposed workers in 2018 were analyzed.
Results From 2009 to 2018, there were 52 new diagnosed cases of occupational pneumoconiosis in Qingpu District, including 21 cases of silicosis (40.38%), 9 cases of welding worker's pneumoconiosis and 9 cases of casting worker's pneumoconiosis (17.31%), 4 cases of aluminium pneumoconiosis (7.69%), 1 case of coal worker's pneumoconiosis (1.92%), 1 case of talc pneumoconiosis (1.92%) and 7 cases of other pneumoconiosis (13.46%). In the past 10 years, the number of new cases of silicosis had increased, while that of welder's pneumoconiosis had declined. Most cases were diagnosed as pneumoconiosis at stage Ⅰ. The exposure time of patients with silicosis or welder's pneumoconiosis was lower than that of patients with founder's pneumoconiosis (P < 0.05). In 2018, 1 673 dust-exposed workers received pulmonary function examination and 331 workers (19.78%) had abnormality of pulmonary function. With the increase of age and exposure time, the rate of abnormal pulmonary function increased (P < 0.05).
Conclusion In recent ten years, the incidence of pneumoconiosis in Qingpu District decreased gradually, but the incidence of pneumoconiosis increased after 2016. The dust-exposed workers had a higher abnormal rate of pulmonary function. Prevention and control of pneumoconiosis was still the focus of occupational disease prevention and control in Qingpu District. Attention should be paid to the prevention of pneumoconiosis among the elder workers.
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