Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of different types of obesity among workers in Shanghai, and to analyze their relationship between obesity with indicators of chronic diseases, such as blood glucose, blood lipids, liver and kidney function, so as to provide orientation for health management of this population.
Methods Totally 18 739 workers in Shanghai who participated in physical examination in Huadong Sanatorium in 2020 were studied. The general data and physical examination data were collected. The obesity types were diagnosed according to the judgment criteria of systemic obesity and central obesity, and the influencing factors of overweight and obesity and their correlation with indicators of chronic disease were verified by binary logistic regression analysis.
Results Among 18 739 persons, the overweight rate (including obesity) was 51.25% according to body mass index (BMI), while obesity rate was 13.27%; the proportion of central obesity was 42.70%, which was increased with higher BMI. The incidence of overweight and obesity increased with age, among whom the risk of 50 - 60 years old age group was the highest (OR = 2.031, P < 0.01);the risk of overweight and obesity in women was lower than that in men (OR = 0.216, P < 0.01);the persons with smoking and drinking had higher risk of overweight and obesity than non-smokers and non-drinkers (OR = 1.128-1.300, P < 0.01, respectively); compared with the civil servants, the mental workers, these who meditated less than 2 hours a day, the farmers (OR = 3.424, P < 0.01), manual workers with mild level (OR = 1.149, P < 0.01), those mediated 4 - 6 hours a day (OR = 1.114, P < 0.01) and more than 6 hours (OR = 1.158, P < 0.01), the risk of overweight and obesity was increased, while those who slept for 7 - 9 hours a day had a significantly lower risk of overweight and obesity than those who slept for less than 5 hours (OR = 0.799, P < 0.01). The abnormality of indicators of various chronic diseases increased with higher BMI (P < 0.01);the abnormality of all indicators of chronic diseases in the persons with central obesity was higher than that with normal body weight (P < 0.01);compared with persons with normal body weight, the obese had the highest risk of hypertension, hyperglycemia, high TC, high TG, high LDL-L and high UA (OR = 1.422 - 5.885, P < 0.01).
Conclusions The incidences of overweight and obesity among the occupational population in Shanghai were relatively serious. The obese, especially central obese, faced the serious health risks. It is urgent to reduce overweight and obesity rates.
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