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YUAN Yuan, HE Qian, WANG Dan, ZHOU Jing, LANG Lan, YIN Yu, ZHANG Meibian, SUN Chengye. Characteristics of acute occupational poisoning cases reported in China from 2004 to 2021[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(1): 37-42. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.009
Citation: YUAN Yuan, HE Qian, WANG Dan, ZHOU Jing, LANG Lan, YIN Yu, ZHANG Meibian, SUN Chengye. Characteristics of acute occupational poisoning cases reported in China from 2004 to 2021[J]. Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue, 2023, 41(1): 37-42. DOI: 10.16369/j.oher.issn.1007-1326.2023.01.009

Characteristics of acute occupational poisoning cases reported in China from 2004 to 2021

  •   Objective  In order to provide the scientific basis for the prevention, control and management of acute occupational poisoning incidents, the characteristics and the occurrence pattern of acute occupational poisoning incidents in China from 2004 to 2021 were analyzed.
      Methods  The data of acute occupational poisoning incidents reported in the management information system of public health emergency in China CDC were collected, the information such as date of occurrence, region of occurrence, number of poisoning, number of deaths, occupational hazards, industry and enterprise size was abstracted and analyzed.
      Results  From 2004 to 2021, a total of 528 acute occupational poisoning incidents were reported in 28 provinces (municipalities autonomous regions) and the Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, resulting in 5 426 poisoning cases and 600 deaths, with a fatality rate of 11.1%. 301 incidents (accounting for 57.0%) were reported by Shanghai, Anhui, Shandong, Yunnan and Sichuan. The highest number of incidents and deaths of acute occupational poisoning were reported in August, with 64 cases (accounting for 12.1%) and 89 deaths (accounting for 14.8%). The number of acute occupational poisoning incidents and deaths caused by asphyxiating and irritant gases accounted for 69.9% and 82.0%, respectively. Carbon monoxide and hydrogen sulfide poisoning accounted for 82.9% of the asphyxiation gas poisoning incidents. Chlorine, ammonia, phosgene, nitrogen oxide and dimethyl sulfate poisoning accounted for 57.8% of the irritant gas poisoning incidents. The top three industry categories reporting acute occupational poisoning incidents were manufacturing, wholesale and retail, and construction, which accounted for 70.6% of all incidents, while 67.5% of the deaths were reported in manufacturing, mining, and construction. The number of acute occupational poisoning incidents in small and micro-scale enterprises accounted for 38.3% and 31.4%, respectively. The fatality rate in small businesses (18.7%) was similar to that in large businesses (18.6%).
      Conclusions  Acute occupational poisoning is a public health emergency with a high fatality rate in China. It is necessary to improve relevant laws and regulations, strengthen the surveillance and health emergency response capacity for acute occupational poisoning incidents, and take more targeted measures to prevent and control them.
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